(Summarize a Research Article)
Overview
When writing a critical review of an article, you will need to summarize, evaluate, and offer critical comment on the ideas and information that the author(s) presents in the article.
Research / scientific articles are highly structured to make information easy to find. The research article usually has the following sections: Title Page, Abstract, Introduction, Method, Results, Discussion, References, and Tables / Figures.
Your goal should be to read and understand the article, analyze the findings or arguments, and evaluate and comment on the article.
Reading the Article
* Allow enough time to understand it.
* Read the article without taking notes to gain an overall idea of its main idea.
* Identify:
– the research question (usually stated in the Abstract and Introduction)
– the hypothesis(es) (usually in the Introduction)
– the test of the hypothesis (in the Methods)
– the findings (in the Results, including tables and figures)
– how the findings were interpreted (in the Discussion)
* Read the article again analytically and make notes of main ideas and main topic. Highlight important ideas and make brief notes.
* Read the article in depth again.
Ask yourself these questions:
– What is interesting about this information?
– How does the author(s) support the hypothesis?
– What is the main aim of the article?
– Is the article timely?
– Is the argument / thesis convincing? Is the evidence valid?
– How does the study design address the thesis?
– What are the controls for each experiment?
– Is the methodology appropriate? Any weaknesses?
– Are the results convincing? Is it comprehensive and through?
– What questions remain unanswered? Anything omitted?
– Are the findings presented and described clearly and fully?
– Could the data be interpreted in another way?
– How does the article contribute to the field? Does it make an original contribution to the field?
– How does the article relate to the course?
writing|produce|compose the Article Summary
Introduction
– Give the title of the article and name of the author(s) and provide a full citation of the article. Identify the writer by profession or importance.
– Identify the purpose of the article.
– Tell what the research question is and explain why it is interesting and important. Give your overall impression.
– It is important that the introductory paragraph include a thesis statement which identifies the main points you will be discussing in the body (analysis) of the review.
Body (Analysis)
– Briefly describe the methods, design of the study, how many subjects were involved, what they did, the variables, what was measured, and where the research was conducted.
– Describe the results / what was found.
– Write an analytical summary of the main findings, arguments, or conclusions of the article / study.
– Discuss the strengths and usefulness of the article / study.
– Discuss the weaknesses, limitations, or problems of the article / study.
– Discuss what you learned from the article and if you recommend it to other students.
– Support your analysis with quotations and/or specific examples throughout.
Conclusion
– Summarize the previous discussion.
– Make a final judgement on the value of the article.
– State what you learned from the article.
– Comment on the future or implications of the research.
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